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The Italy-Slovenia Cross Border area

The Italy-Slovenia Programme area extends over a total surface of 19,841 km² across the border and has a total population of approximately 3 million inhabitants
The representation of population density according to 1 km2 grid (based on ISTAT, SURS, EUROSTAT data) expresses a high heterogeneity in the density of settlements within the Programme area
The figure shows the presence or not of a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) at municipality level. When available, in the Italian side is also reported the information about the presence of the Plan on Urban Traffic (“Piano Urbano del Traffico”, PUT)
The figure provides aggregated representations of two relevant aspects of transport planning and management resulting from the general survey carried out by PP2-UNIVE, where a total amount of 160 questionnaires were filled in (out of 259 municipalities).
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Transport demand

Thematic representation of Origin-Destination flows (“desire lines”) related to commuters’ transport demand between Slovenian municipalities. Source: Elaborations on SURS data (SiStat database).
Thematic representation of Origin-Destination flows (“desire lines”) related to transport demand for commuting between Italian municipalities in the morning peak of demand. Source: elaborations on ISTAT 2011 census data.

Transport supply

The number of tracks and the presence of electricity supply, represented here, provide key aspects for assessing the capacity and performances of each rail network link.
The usage for passenger service of the railway lines across the border and, in certain cases, even close to the border is very limited. In fact, only through the CROSSMOBY pilot rail service it was possible to close the existing gap in the Trieste-Ljubljana line, while the Gorizia-Nova Gorica link is currently not used by passenger trains. High number of trains, instead, can be seen in correspondence to the nodes of Venice (above all), Trieste and to a less extent Ljubljana and Udine.
The provided map with the stops and related connections represents the local Public Transport network data made available to the present study The colours of the thematic map allow to distinguish the three main datasets covering: • the Friuli Venezia Giulia region bus services and as well as waterborne services mainly in Trieste area; • ACTV services (including a relevant deal of waterborne transport) in the Venice area; • Slovenian Public Transport operators. On top of that, a thematic representation of gap at cross-border points is provided.
The thematic representation is showing the number of daily bus connection between the different municipalities (summing up the two opposite directions linking each couple of municipalities) in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region as well as in Slovenia on an average weekday in Autumn.
TThe provided representation shows travel times with public transport to selected cities listed in the drop-down list. It represents average travel times in both directions, with average walking distance less than 1600 m. Two scenarios have been elaborated by PP4-UIRS: • scenario 1: with cross border connections (CROSSMOBY pilot train and Gorizia – Nova Gorica international urban bus) • scenario 2: without cross border connections (CROSSMOBY pilot train and Gorizia – Nova Gorica international urban bus)
Within the CROSSMOBY project various pilot activities have been developed testing new sustainable transport solution within the IT-SI. The overall picture of these services is shown here while further details and zoomed representation of each single one is provided on the right

Regional and local platforms

  1. Italy UNIVE PLATFORM

  2. SLOVENIA PLATFORM

Crossmoby pilot transport services

Two couple of trains per day, seven days a week, were set up along the axis Udine-Trieste-Ljubljana, thus closing a gap in rail passenger connectivity between Italy and Slovenia. The rolling stock consisted of a ETR 563 ‘Civity’, a five-unit electric train (built by CAF, owned by FVG Region and made available to Trenitalia) endowed with 276 seats and allowing with the maximum number of 30 bicycles to be transported. Il servizio è stato effettuato a partire da settembre 2018. Tuttavia, nel 2020 e nel 2021i treni CrossMoby sono stati sospesi per diversi mesi a causa dell’emergenza Covid e, nel mese di Agosto 2020, per interventi di manutenzione sulla rete ferroviaria italiana.
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The maritime transports service for passengers and bikes was launched in 2020, as CROSSMOBY’s pilot action. The first year it was free of charge and offered transports twice daily (in the mornings and in the afternoons), on the circular route form Ankaran – Koper – Izola – Piran, and back. Being a big success with the public, in 2021 it was extended to an everyday service (without Mondays) and the payment of a symbolic ticket (of 1, 2 or 3 EUR) was introduced. The service was seasonal and lasted from late June till the beginning of October.
The so-called BIKE BUS was a free bus service for passengers and bikes for the inhabitants and visitors of the cross-border area which was connected also to the rail system. It was free of charge and offered transports for passengers and bikes during the weekends (Friday-Sunday), form July till October. The circular route from Koper to Karst, and back, including various locations, was linked also to the bike sharing and railway systems. In 2021 the stops of Škocjanske jame and Rodik were also included, as shown in the figure below. The service was free of charge both for passengers and bikes.
BEACH BUS was a pilot service for passengers on the circular route from Brkini to Koper, and back, starting in the morning and finishing in the evening, every day in July and August 2021. It has been set-up in order to tackle the lack of public transport connections during summer when the demand of transports to the coastal area is increased and was connected also to the bike sharing system. The service for passengers was free of charge. The route of the bus is represented in violet colour in the following figure.
A pilot cross-border seasonal bus line runs between Most na Soči train station to Tolmin, Kobarid, Bovec, crosses state border at Predel Pass to Tarvisio in Italy and back to Slovenia to Kranjska Gora has been operating in both 2019, 2020 and 2021. It connects three tourist regions in two states and Slovenian railway network with the Italian one. In summer season it runs two times per day in each direction and offers free bike transport. In particular, during 2019 season the bus ran between Bovec - Predel Pass – Tarvisio - Kranjska Gora. In 2020 the line was extended to Most na Soči railway station (and remained the same also in 2021). Moreover, starting from 2021 also a cross-border line linking Tolmin - Kobarid - Cividale del Friuli (as well as other intermediate stops) has been activated. These lines, apart from linking with three rail stations (Most na Soci, Tarvisio Boscoverde and Cividale del Friuli) were also synergically complemented at local level by hop-on hop-off services stemming from the centres of Tolmin, Kobarid and Bovec.
In order to promote sustainable mobility solution and, in particular, to concretely raising awareness on the possible usage and performances of electric cars, a 3-months trial has been set up by allowing inhabitants of the mountain areas (within the three municipalities of Tolmin, Kobarid and Bovec represented in the following figure) to perform a free few-day test. As a part of this trial users had to monitor user experience (car performance and charging infrastructure network availability) and fill in the prepared questionnaire.
KRAS BRKINI BIKES is a bike sharing system launched by CROSSMOBY in the municipalities of Divača, Sežana, Komen and Hrpelje-Kozina, which is connected with the rail system. The system is made-up of 5 stations with 25 electric bikes in total, which will be free of charge at least till the end of the project.
On the basis of the Integrated Transport Strategy (SUMP) of Ilirska Bistrica municipality an urban bus line has been tested as pilot in CROSSMOBY. The urban bus service is provided by a circular line going through the main centre (with a duration of the trip equal to about 30 minutes) and endowed with 14 stops. The service is being operated during working days (and Saturday starting on 1.1.2021) from 8:00 to 19:00.
On the basis of the Integrated Transport Strategy (SUMP) of Ilirska Bistrica municipality both a bike sharing system has been tested as pilot in CROSSMOBY. The bike sharing is located in the centre of Ilirska Bistrica and providing e-bikes, which allow user to easily travel along the neighbouring hills. Bicycles can be rented at the municipal Tourist Information Center free of charge daily between 08:00 and 18:00 from April to November

Crossmoby pilot traffic monitoring

PP3 - Veneto Strade has installed 10 fixed traffic monitoring stations along the main roads managed by Veneto Strade. These are devices with laser scanner technology capable of counting as well as classifying vehicles with high precision and resolution and capable of distinguishing more than 20 vehicle classes.

Moreover, Veneto Strade also bought and tested 7 mobile devices to be used for temporary surveys Campaigns. They have been already used in three different monitoring campaigns (lasting 10 days each) in May and June 2021, and in February 2022.